Magnesium sulfate monohydrate

Magnesium sulfate monohydrate is a compounded state in magnesium sulfate.

Nature: white fluid powder. The density is 2.66 g/cm3. Dissolved in water. Slightly soluble in alcohol. Do not dissolve in acetone. Because magnesium is one of the main components of chlorophyll, magnesium sulfate monohydrate is often used as a fertilizer and mineral water additive. Magnesium sulfate has the advantage of being more soluble than other fertilizers.

Physical properties

Appearance and traits: White powder.

Magnesium sulphate melting point: 1:124 ° C (decomposition)

Boiling point: decomposition into MgO

Relative density: 2.66

Molar mass (g/mol): 120.415

Water absorption: 1.05 (calculated as MgSO4·7H2O)

Solubility: Soluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol and glycerin, ether, insoluble in acetone. [1]

Chemical properties

Stability: anhydrous magnesium sulfate is easy to absorb water, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate is easy to dehydrate

Toxicity: Toxic

Toxicological data: subcutaneous in mice: LD50 645 mg/kg (subcutaneous in mice); mouse peritoneal cavity: 670-733 mg/kg

Irritant: This product may cause stomach pain, vomiting, watery diarrhea, collapse, difficulty breathing, cyanosis, etc. [1]

4 main uses

medicine

(1) Magnesium sulfate can inhibit the central nervous system, relax skeletal muscle, and has the effects of sedation, antispasmodic and reduction of intracranial pressure. Commonly used in the treatment of convulsions, eclampsia, uremia, tetanus and hypertensive encephalopathy. More by 10% magnesium sulfate 10 ml deep intramuscular injection or diluted with 5% glucose into a 2% ~ 2.5% solution slowly instilled. However, it should be noted that direct intravenous injection or high-dose intramuscular injection of magnesium sulfate is very dangerous. Generally, 25% of magnesium sulfate can be used up to 15 ml each time. When using, you should pay attention to the patient's breathing and blood pressure. The slow knee reflex is an important indicator of the sufficient amount of magnesium ion.

(2) Magnesium plays an extremely important role in the metabolism of sugars and proteins. Children in the growth and development period should be supplemented with magnesium if they have indigestion and apply vitamin D.

(3) Magnesium has many physiological functions similar to those of potassium. Because the clinical manifestations of magnesium deficiency are similar to those of potassium deficiency, magnesium deficiency is often overlooked. In the case of potassium deficiency, when potassium is added and the symptoms are still not improved, the possibility of magnesium deficiency should be considered first, so that hypomagnesemia can be corrected in time. Therefore, patients with long-term infusion should pay attention to magnesium supplementation while supplementing potassium. Add 1 gram of magnesium sulfate to the daily infusion to prevent hypomagnesemia.

(4) When patients with cardiac insufficiency use digitalis drugs, magnesium salts may be appropriately supplemented to prevent low magnesium and increase the toxicity of digitalis. It is often effective to treat tachycardia with magnesium salts clinically.

(5) Oral magnesium sulfate is rarely absorbed in the intestinal tract and therefore has no such use. However, oral magnesium sulfate has a good cathartic function, so magnesium sulfate is also called Epsom salt. After the oral magnesium sulfate aqueous solution reaches the intestinal lumen, it has a certain osmotic pressure, so that the intestinal water is not absorbed by the intestinal wall. The intestine retains a large amount of water, which can mechanically stimulate the peristalsis of the intestines and defecate. Therefore, magnesium sulfate can be used for the treatment of constipation and abnormal fermentation in the intestine; in combination with an insect repellent, the intestinal worm can be easily discharged. Each time, 5 to 20 g of magnesium sulfate can be dissolved in 100 to 400 ml of warm water and taken orally once a day. The concentration is not too high, and 5% is better, otherwise the bowel movement is delayed.

(6) Magnesium sulfate can stimulate the duodenal mucosa, reflexively causing relaxation of the common bile duct sphincter and contraction of the gallbladder, thereby promoting gallbladder emptying and beneficial bile. It can be used to treat cholecystitis and cholelithiasis, 2 to 5 grams each time, 3 times a day, orally before meals or between meals. 50% magnesium sulfate was diluted to 33% (high concentration), 5 ml Tid.

(7) magnesium sulfate can be used as a gastrointestinal angiography

(8) anti-inflammatory and swollen 50% solution of this product for external application of hot compresses the affected area, with anti-inflammatory and bloating effects.